#743 MMHG TO ATM MANUAL#

It is the eleventh-leading cause of adult deaths worldwide, and it results in 1.16 million deaths per year ( 9). As the most common cause of PH, liver cirrhosis is a significant cause of global health burden. However, when PPG increases to ≥10 mmHg, PH complications are more likely to occur, such as the formation of varices related to upper digestive bleeding, ascites, infection, hepatic encephalopathy, or renal failure ( 7, 8).

When the value of PPG is in the range of 5–9 mmHg, it represents subclinical PH ( 6). Table 1 Classification of portal hypertension Other less common causes of PH account for less than 10% of cases, mostly due to vascular liver diseases such as extrahepatic portal vein occlusion (Budd-Chiari Syndrome) and idiopathic PH ( 4, 5). Among the aforementioned diseases related to PH liver cirrhosis is the leading cause of PH worldwide. Based on the anatomical location of the increased resistance to blood flow within liver circulation, PH can be classified into three types: pre-hepatic PH, intra-hepatic PH, and post-hepatic PH ( Table 1). The relationship can be given by Ohm’s law as follows:īased on Ohm’s law, the increased PVP is attributed to an increased portal vein blood flow, an increased vascular resistance, or a combination of both ( 3). It is caused by the interaction of the portal blood ﬂow with the vascular resistance against the ﬂow ( 2). Measuring the hepatic perfusion pressure, PPG is the difference between the portal vein pressure (PVP) and hepatic vein pressure or inferior vena cava (IVC) pressures. Portal hypertension (PH), a severe symptom of chronic liver diseases, is defined as a pathologically increased portal pressure gradient (PPG) greater than 5 mmHg ( 1). Keywords: Portal pressure monitoring portal pressure hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) invasive noninvasive The advantages and limitations of various techniques for future research are also discussed. In this study, we focused on both invasive and noninvasive methods for portal pressure monitoring and explored their roles in clinical setting. Over the past decade, noninvasive methods aimed at monitoring the portal pressure have been increasingly investigated, including serum markers, radiological features, ultrasound elastography, doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. The hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement, a gold-standard method applied to monitor portal pressure, is invasive and only available in experienced centers. As a result, portal pressure monitoring has important prognostic and clinical implications. The atmospheric pressure at sea level is 14.7 psi.Abstract: Portal hypertension is a serious symptom of chronic liver diseases, which can lead to many critical complications, such as the formation of varices related to upper digestive bleeding, ascites, infection, hepatic encephalopathy, renal failure, and even death.

Atmospheric pressure is also often stated as pounds/square inch (psi). Standard atmospheric pressure is called 1 atm of pressure and is equal to 760 mmHg and 101.3 kPa. Another commonly used unit of pressure is the atmosphere (atm). A pascal is a very small amount of pressure, so the more useful unit for everyday gas pressures is the kilopascal (kPa). The pascal (Pa) is the standard unit of pressure. An equivalent unit to the mmHg is called the torr, in honor of the inventor of the barometer, Evangelista Torricelli. One unit of gas pressure is the millimeter of mercury (mmHg). Tire pressure is best measured when the tire is cold since driving the car for a while will heat up the air in the tire and increase the pressure.Ī barometer measures gas pressure by the height of the column of mercury. The pressure on the tire is the maximum pressure for that tire, not the recommended one.

#743 MMHG TO ATM MANUAL#

The recommended pressure for that model of car (usually somewhere between 32-35 psi) is usually listed in the owner’s manual or stamped somewhere inside the door.

The car gets better gas mileage and the tires don’t wear out as fast. The ride is smoother and safer than with lowered pressure. There are several benefits to maintaining the proper air pressure in a car tire.

743 mmhg to atm